THE Diversité floristique apicole autour des ruchers pendant la saison de pluie en zone soudano-guinéenne du Cameroun.
Flore apicole
Mots-clés :
Honey plants , botanical characteristics, pollen, nectar, foraging, bees, WakwaRésumé
En vue de contribuer à une meilleure rationalisation de l’apiculture, l’activité de butinage de Apis a été étudiée en saison de pluie entre juin et novembre 2018 dans la zone Soudano-guinéenne de Ngaoundéré (X=7.20o-7.28oN et Y=13.510o-13.590oE). La diversité floristique apicole a été étudiée dans le village Wakwa, région de l’Adamaoua Cameroun. L’objectif a été de contribuer à la connaissance des plantes apicoles en vue d’améliorer la production apicole. Des observations directes sur le terrain suivant les points cardinaux dans une surface circulaire ont été effectuées autour de deux ruchers constitués des ruches kenyanes et traditionnelles. Un total de 45 plantes apicoles distribuées dans 14 familles botaniques a été identifié. Les Asteraceae (25%) sont les plus représentées en termes de nombres d’espèces. Les herbes (84%) sont les types biologiques les plus représentées. La couleur jaune (31%) des fleurs est la plus visitée. Les espèces apicoles sont fréquemment butinées pour le pollen (51%). La majorité des espèces apicoles sont visitées par un seul individu d’abeille. La durée de visite des abeilles varie en fonction des espèces, il est plus long (111,52 secondes) pour la collecte de nectar (Cucurbita pepo) compare à la récolter le pollen (1,58 secondes pour Ageratum conyzoides). Pour une meilleure pratique apicole les herbacées représentent pendant cette saison de pluie les meilleures plantes apicoles pour la pratique apicole dans cette localité. En revanche dans la savane arborée, le potentiel apicole ne correspond qu’aux formations végétales entourant les ruches parfois représentatives des grands types de végétation de la région.
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(c) Tous droits réservés Journal of Experimental and Ammplied Tropical Biology 2023
Ce travail est disponible sous licence Creative Commons Attribution - Pas d’Utilisation Commerciale 4.0 International.
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